e-Learning Webboard

บทที่ 5 Morphology หน้า 23
โจทย์ข้อ 3. คำใดต่อไปนี้ไม่ได้เกิดจากการรวมกันของ root morpheme และ derivational affix
เฉลยข้อที่ถูกคือ ข้อ 4. likewise

เบื้องต้นดิฉันเข้าใจว่า derivational affix คือ prefix หรือ suffix
และจากข้อมูลหน้า 5-17 -wise เป็น suffix
หรือ -wise ในคำว่า likewise ไม่ใช่จะ suffix แต่เป็นคำที่มีความหมายคำอื่นมาประสม?
ไม่ทราบว่าเป็นคำประเภทใด (n/v/adj/adv) และหมายถึงอะไรคะ?

ขอบคุณค่ะ
ธณัฏฐา ธีรานุกูลกิจ
teetanatta@hotmail.com

I have notified the writer of the Module and will post the answer/explanation once I hear from her.

There is an error in the question. Your understanding is correct.
The question should be phrased "คำในข้อใดเกิดการจากรวมตัวกันของ root morpheme และ derivational affix" and the answer is 'likewise' because the suffix changes the part of speech of the verb 'like'
Likewise is an adverb.

An erratum is going to be made in the announcement as the module is on.

Thank you for the report.

I’m not sure if that gets to the bottom of this question. Here are some additional comments.

It seems to me that all four items in this question take the form root morpheme + suffix. “Likewise” is not a compound word, since this –wise is not an independent noun, but a suffix meaning something like “in X way or manner”.

However, in “likes” and “liked”, the suffixes are inflectional, not derivational. “-s” indicates third person present tense or plurality, and “-ed” indicates past tense.

In addition, I believe there are really two root morphemes here – “like” as a verb for 2 and 3, and “like” as an adjective for 1 and 4. We find the adjective “like” meaning “similar” in phrases such as “in like manner”.

So, actually, both “liken” and “likewise” contain derivational suffixes. For the first, “-n” makes a verb out of an adjective, like with “widen” or “sweeten”. For the second, the adjective becomes an adverb as mentioned.

We should also note that a derivational suffix CAN change the part of speech, but it doesn’t have to. An example of a derivational suffix that doesn’t is “-ling” in “duck/duckling”. Both are nouns, but the latter is the baby (or the smaller one).

Here is a link to one analysis of derivation and inflection in English that states that there are just 8 inflectional affixes in that language.

http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jlawler/Inflection.pdf

Getting back to how to answer the question, here is my view based on this analysis. If we keep the question in its original form, choices 2 and 3 are both correct. If we change the question, choices 1 and 4 are correct. Maybe it’s time to write a new question?

Thank you Ajarn Chris. Yes an erratum is needed. The question aims to test whether students are able to distinguish a root and a derivational affix, but the choices (1-5) seem to require more explanation that this test objective.

I'm meeting the Module author this coming Wednesday and an erratum is going to be ready before we move on to Module 5.